Art History Analysis Paper

This paper is a formal analysis of the Marble grave stele with a family group relief sculpture. It is a pentelic marble style relief standing at 171. 1cm tall carved by a master. It is from the Late Classical period of Greek, Attic which was completed around ca. 360 B. C. . I chose to analyze this piece as apposed to the others because I’m mainly attracted to art and sculptures from the Greek era. The overall color used in this relief is ivory with a few cracks and pieces broken off. There is some discoloration which causes the color to come off as slightly light brown for most of the relief. The sculpture appears larger compared to the other sculptures in the art room. It represents a family which includes a man, his wife, and their child united on one high relief. There is a fourth character that is a part of the relief but she appears to be incomplete. The high relief contributes to the overall size of this sculpture by expanding the shape and proportions of all the characters. The right side is compact consisting of three of the four characters while the left is loose with just a head present. The very first thing that my eyes are directed to is of the man sitting on a backless chair on the center-right side of the relief. He along with his chair is positioned where his whole body is shifted and he facing the left side of the relief and looking straight ahead. His hands are the only ones that are detailed to the extent that they show the definition of the finger nails and the wrinkles and creases on the fingers and knuckle area. The left hand is placed on his lap while the right hand is slightly wrapped around and holding a stick that is to his right side and is eye-level in front of the woman standing behind him. The stick is about an inch wide and round and looks as though it could possibly be a wooden cane for support. His body does somewhat look as though he is in shape although I can’t see any muscle definition partially due to the fact that his robe is blocking the front of his stomach. There also seems to be no body rolls and no body fat present. His attire is just a robe draped around his waist, over his lap and covering his legs all the way down to his feet. You can see that the excess material of the robe around his waist was intended for his whole body because of the multiple layers draped over his lap. There are no details of his toes or feet because of the missing piece of the relief but you’re able to see just the back of his foot. His inch long hair and full facial beard look extremely wavy and curly. The fact that his facial hair is present and thick on his face makes me assume that he is possibly in his forties although many men back in that time didn’t live that long. He is sitting with ease and his face seems calm all the while staring blankly ahead. Looking at his face straight on, there seems to be no emotion in his eyes. My eyes are then shifted towards the woman on the right side of the relief. The woman seems to be his wife and is shown standing extremely close to him. Since the chair is backless, I think her standing so close behind him depicts her unity with him. It seems as though she is his support and is there to follow him. She is right up against his back with her right hand up by her chest and his head. The wife and child’s attire displays a robe draped over the entire body leaving only her arms exposed although the wife has sleeves draping all the way down behind her forearm. The robe drapes over the wife’s head like a shawl or veil covering the back half of her head including her hair and ears. Her facial expression gives off a sense of sadness even though she is staring blankly ahead in the same direction as the husband. Compared to the man, her eyes aren’t as widely open and it seems as if she is slightly squinting giving me the idea that she may be crying or is holding it in. Overall, you can tell that she has no other emotion displayed on her face besides sadness. After examining the wife, I work my way down to the awkward and odd looking child standing in front of the mother and is facing forward, opposite of the parents. I’m not too sure whether the child is a male or female but based on the fact that she is basically fully clothed, I would say it’s a female. I describe the girl as awkward and odd looking because she is extremely tiny compared to her parents. Her mother’s hand is the same size as her head, maybe even slightly bigger. She looks like she can be the same size as a toddler but her body looks as though it’s close to being fully developed, almost like a shrunken lady. The girl is holding something in her left hand which looks like a small piece of paper. She is holding her mothers left hand with her right hand and the mother’s hand looks as though she is gently and delicately holding hers. She is standing behind her father but is slightly closer to his left side while her right arm is leaning on the chair. She is wearing a similar robe as her mothers except she doesn’t have a veil and the sleeves end at her armpits exposing her shoulder and arms. The expression on her face shows no emotion and she is also staring blankly ahead. Because there is no emotion on her face and since she is only a child, I assume she is at that age where she’s not aware of what’s going on yet. She doesn’t seem to comprehend the presence of sadness with along with the adults. The last person I look at is a woman on the upper left-hand corner of the relief. Her whole body is basically missing except for her head which remains fully intact. Her hair looks exactly the same as the wife’s hair but she doesn’t have a veil covering it. Looking at both the woman on the upper left corner and the wife on the right, both of their earlobes seem to have a perfect tiny hole in them which leads me to assume that they may have been pierced. The only other body part of hers that appears on the relief is her left shoulder and her left forearm which looks like it is leaning against the man’s right arm. I’m not sure if her body is purposely missing because part of the relief had broken off over the years but it seems as though it signifies her as invisible or non-existent. Her eyes are clearly staring at the man sitting down with the sense of sadness and disappointment. She is looking straight at the man but he doesn’t seem to acknowledge her and is looking straight ahead along with his wife which also gives me a reason to think she’s invisible to them. The bottom parts of the marble sculpture which is the base floor that the man is sitting on, and the wife and child are standing on is severely broken and cracked. The only detail on the bottom floor that I can see are three of the wife’s toes wearing a sandal and the child’s feet which look like she is wearing slippers because there are no sign of toes. You can also see the back of the man’s shoes. I don’t think he is wearing sandals because you can clearly see there is no flesh showing. The artist seems to use a lot of thick lines mainly defined on the clothing where you’re able to see multiple folds of the fabric. They all seem to be standing close together as if they are discussing something and because of their sad expressions, they seem to be mourning a death or event that just happened. All their lips seem to curve down on the corners of their mouths with no sign of smiling or even a smirk. None of them are smiling and all four characters have either a melancholy blank stare or sad emotion. All of their eyes have creases but no sign of pupil color except for the slight shadows within the eye which helps to tell which direction their eyes are staring. While staring and piecing the whole relief together, I assume that the woman on the left is actually their daughter since this is a family group sculpture. Going back to the through of her being invisible to the other three leads to my guess that she might possibly be dead. This would explain the overall sadness that is present at the moment. The parents are mourning the death of their daughter while her head present and body missing signifies that she is still there with them, just not physically. Another little detail that I previously noticed was the daughter’s left forearm leaning against her father’s arm. This gives the effect that the daughter is trying to comfort her father while he is grieving. This work shows the natural emotion of humans and they are displayed as realistic. I think that the overall emotion and story behind this relief is done exquisitely by the master who carved it which is why it is said to be one of the most moving funerary reliefs from the Late Classical period.

How to Maintain a Good Health Essay

Nowadays, most people are busy with their daily work and lives which cause most of them have less time to care for their health including me. I used to eat foods that are easily to prepare in short period of time for example French fries, chicken nuggets or even pizza without paying attention to its nutrition if they are harmful or healthy for my health. According to Rockwell, high- fat foods may increase your risk for high blood cholesterol and this puts you at a higher risk for heart disease and other health conditions (2011). Here are some steps that we can follow to avoid high-fat foods, not smoking and eating foods high in vitamins help protect the eyes.There are three steps that I recommend others to follow of how to avoid fat foods, it may not work on everybody but at least it works on me. First, making a list of good and healthy foods before going to supermarket then just follow what we have listed out and buy it for our meal. Secondly, try to put as much as foods such fresh fruits in the refrigerator so that every time we need something to eat, especially in night time, we can replace junk foods or fatty foods with fruits. Last, we need to put our health on the top of everything in life that is why we need to read the nutritional fact carefully before we buy something.Not only fatty food can affect our health but also smoking could be dangerous for us. By reading an article from Black stated that â€Å"currently some 444,000 people die annually from direct and indirect tobacco diseases ( 2011).† It is good to avoid smoking that everybody has to do as soon as possible to save our lives. Here are some ways that people should follow to avoid tobacco. Keep yourself busy with daily activities instead of thinking about tobacco. For example, take your free time to go to the gym for working out instead of smoking or you can take a walk for sightseeing. Efficient nutritional intake is the most important part to keep our body healthy. There are certain types of minerals and vitamins are required for the eyes need. Vitamin A is one of the major sources to keep the human’s eyes work properly, and this kind vitamin we can obtain mostly from fresh fruit and vegetables. Furthermore, Vitamin D is also crucial to maintain and improve vision suggested by Dr. Mercola because it helps â€Å"reductions in retinal inflammation and levels of amyloid beta accumulation which is a hallmark of aging† (2012). Those are some information that I want to let people know how avoiding high-fat foods, not smoking, and eating foods high in vitamins help protect the eyes. Hopefully people will have a good life and stay healthy. Works Cited Black, Ken. â€Å"How many people dies an hour smoking?.† College Central. May 1, 2011. Web. October 2, 2012. http://www.collegecentral.com/Article.cfm?CatID=hlt&ArticleID=3964. Dr. Mercola. â€Å"This Vitamin Found to Rejuvenate Aging Eyes.† Take control of Your Health. February 6, 2012. Web. October 2, 2012. http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2012/02/06/this-vitamin-found-to-rejuvenate-aging-eyes.aspx Rockwell, Kay. â€Å"Can Fatty Foods Cause Dark Circles Under the Eyes?†. The Limitless Potential of You. May 2, 2011. Web. October 2, 2012. Http://www.livestrong.com/article/395649-can-fatty-foods-cause-dark-circles-under-the-eyes/

Media Reaction Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Media Reaction - Research Paper Example The two girls were best friends. When Tiana grew up she became a waitress, but was saving money to buy her own restaurant. She had a lot of talent as chef. Due to her stature as a lower class citizen nobody believed in her. Her mother told her love that there were more important than work, but Tiana was stubborn. She had a deal in place to buy a vacated business lot that was perfect for her restaurant. Before the deal was sign the owner told Tiana they received a better offer. They insulted her verbally with discriminatory racial slurs. During the Jazz Era the music united the white and blacks in dance ball rooms where everyone enjoyed the music and each other company’s in civilized manner. Diversity and multiculturalism was also present in the animal world when Tiana and Naveen entered once Tiana became frog during their first kiss. In the animal world all the animals respected each other and tried to do whatever it took to help each other. Since the movie is in the fantasy genre it could interpreted that animals served the roles of humans and within that perspective there was great diversity of animal species that interacted in a productive manner in the movie. Another interesting perspective of diversity in the movie is that fact that the frogs which were actually humans got along very well with other animals in the jungle including Louis the crocodile and Raymond the firefly. Two characters who are the opposite of the Voodoo war were The Shadow Man and the Mama Odie. Both were humans who know about the interconnection with humans and the animal world. The Shadow Man was the one who originally turned Prince Noreen into a frog to steal the money of the princess once they got married. Multiculturalism was present through the movie. There were incidents of racism, but the creators of the movie displayed the racial discriminatory scene in soft manner so that the

Role and Value of Information to Todays Marketing Managers Essay

Role and Value of Information to Todays Marketing Managers - Essay Example According to Holland and Naude, the effectiveness of a marketing campaign should be evaluated on the basis of the relationships formed (Holland & Naude, 2004, 167). However, a Kotler asserts that information is very important to a marketing campaign. Therefore, he criticizes that marketing campaign should be assessed based on the information driven approaches that are used in the campaign (Kotler, 2005, 25). Information helps managers to identify and be acquainted with the latest trends in the market. The world of today is very diverse and market trends keep on changing depending on the level of innovation in the market. Markets that have highly innovative businesses will tend to have vast changes in their ways of operation. Therefore, a business located in such a market will need to be equipped with data about the latest trends in the market (Randall, 1993, 5). Therefore, information is very important in helping marketing managers to recognize changes in the market prices, product d esigns and packaging methods. Impact of Information Information in the current days has greatly changed due to use of current technology. For instance, promotional methods have improved due to technological advancement. Therefore, the way in which goods and services are advertised in the market has greatly changed. Managers should be aware of these changes so that they can make the right decisions concerning their marketing procedures. This is because; all business activities are also becoming more information intensive and thus, this also makes it easier to solve physical problems in the business (Holland & Naude, 2004, 168). However, Holland & Naude have been criticized that they do not analyze the whole market when giving out this report because; it is not all business activities that are information intensive in the market. There are other business activities which require very little information (Georgia State University, 2002, 11). Information in marketing has also changed to an extent that it facilitates the marketing plan and control of the organization. Unlike with the old marketing methods, currently marketing managers are able to plan in advance concerning their marketing strategies due to availability of information. The business is able to analyze the whole market effectively since; it will have collected full market information from its competitors (Holland & Naude, 2004, 170). Therefore, the business can use this information to ensure effective

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Business Plan for Camera Phone - Essay Example The detailed plan covers the techniques of marketing and promotional plan which can help the company to achieve its target market. Our product is exclusive and unique in its own way. Our cell phone is slider phone and its offer a 6.3 mega pixel camera. The camera automatically focuses and record videos as well. Following are the exclusive features of our cell phone: Our exclusive camera phone gives clients many opportunities to have some funny and amazing things as they have camera with themselves all the times. Our camera phone is designed to replace your digital camera because of its exclusive technology of 6.3 mega pixels. Another interesting feature is its applications. Now the customer can browse internet easily through our cam phone through GRPS which is very easy. It also includes calendar items, contacts, synchronizing notes etc which are very effective. The biggest benefit you gain while having our company cam phone is that you can email pictures from our cam phone. This is the convenient way to send copies of pictures from our cam phone. The clientele has not to bear any additional cost for hardware or software. However, the client might be charged for such message at very nominal rate. From the research and studies we come to know that's there is huge potential of our company to excel in the market. The sales of installed base of camera phone increases rapidly. And it's around one billion by the end of 2008. The emerging market of first digital camera, results in continuous increase in sales. We are also of the opinion that the launch of our camera phone will be huge success as camera phone sales rising in the

Improvements in the supply chain offered by e-commerce developments Essay

Improvements in the supply chain offered by e-commerce developments - Essay Example Significant advantages offered through the implementation of e-commerce are the streamlining of the supply operations through the elimination of redundant paperwork, order batching and stockpiling. There is a higher degree of interaction and timeliness that may be brought into the supply chain management through e-commerce. A large database of valid, current information can be maintained which can also be used for data analysis. The cons of the e-commerce system however are also induced by technology – the dangers of confidential information being accessed by unauthorized parties and consequent losses that could result. In carrying out this analysis, I have chosen to reply upon a library based approach, seeking out the views of experts on the benefits of the e-commerce system and its implications for supply chain management. The findings in this report are that e-commerce is likely to be of enormous benefit in supply chain management. While there are also potential disadvantages, the pros outweigh the cons and therefore, introducing e-commerce offers excellent possibilities for improvements in current supply chain management. The traditional supply chain model is based upon the push model, wherein the process of placing orders and marketing the product involves customers, retailers, wholesalers, distributors and manufacturers, and at every stage there is paperwork involved. Much of such paperwork may also be duplicated, which results in the Supply Chain essentially becoming a system serving the suppliers almost as much as it serves the customers, who should be its primary focus. However, with the onset of e-commerce, online business auctions, web procurement systems and electronic business negotiations are becoming increasingly common, with availability of additional software such as shopping bots, etc enabling consumers to carry our price comparisons online (Vulkan, 2003). As a result, the supply

The Realism Era - Faulkner, London, Sinclair and Twain Essay

The Realism Era - Faulkner, London, Sinclair and Twain - Essay Example Faulkner is one of the most important American writers of the last century and his work was well received and he became popular even in his own lifetime. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature and the short stories written by Faulkner contributed a lot towards him getting this prize. As a part of the realist movement, his stories focus on the realities of life as he saw and experienced them since many of stories are placed in the Yoknapatawpha County located in the state of Mississippi (Faulkner, 1949). At the same time, the placement of individual within the stories is also important since they are examinations of life in Southern America through the eyes of Faulkner. As described by Inge (1995, Pg. 283), the critics have noted that many of the tales written by Faulkner are â€Å"Studies of the manners, superstitions, loyalties and shortcomings of the South (Inge, 1995, Pg. 283)†. The collection of stories in Knight’s Gambit and A Rose for Emily in particular can be used as good examples of such writing. Thus instead of focusing on romances which are spun in strange and foreign lands, Faulkner and others in the realist movement focused on the here and now particularly with regard to the location and the situation of the characters of the stories. The here and now is also an important factor for storytelling when it comes to Samuel Clemens who is better known by his pen name i.e. Mark Twain. He wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in 1884 and it is considered to be one of the great American novels since it was the first major work by an established author which uses the common speech patterns that had developed in Southern America at the time. The story and the narrative are told in the first person by Huckleberry Finn as he engages in many adventures along the Mississippi river. However, as a piece of

REFLECTION PAPER Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

REFLECTION PAPER - Essay Example The White supremacists used violence against striking slaves and imposed laws that required the states to arrest all escaping slaves. At the end of slavery, the White supremacists felt threatened and Jim Crow laws that provided for ‘separate but equal’ doctrine were passed in order to maintain White dominance in the society (Brown and Webb 47). The Jim Crow laws enforced segregation that required the separation of Whites and Blacks in public places and prohibited intermarriages. The draconian and unjust laws applied to the public transport system, education system and restaurants thus creating wrong perceptions that blacks were inferior to Whites (Brown and Webb 34). The white women were considered to models of modesty, self-control and self-respect. On the other hand, the black women were stereotyped as seductive, lewd and tempting and their misconceived insatiable desire for sex made them ideal for prostitution. In this case, such stereotypes later led to sexual harassments in other places such as workplace. The scantily dressed black women were stereotyped as lustful and lacking civility. The Blacks were not regarded as citizens and thus were not entitled to protection or respect while the Whites enjoyed higher standards of living due to access to economic opportunities (Brown and Webb 78). The blacks had no freedom of speech, faith, though and right to enter in to contracts and thus were perceived as inferior to the other races in the society. For instance, the Naturalization Act of 1790 only allowed the ‘free white persons’ to become citizens and excluded the racialized minorities (Brown and Webb 37). Accordingly, American women were forbidden to marry aliens since they would automatically lose their citizenship in the early decades of 20th century. The blacks had not civil rights or right to own any property and were barred from obtaining redress against any action of their white masters. Although the Negro Suffrage and Social Equality of 1868

EU Telecommunications Policy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

EU Telecommunications Policy - Case Study Example Consequently, the sphere of telecommunications was regarded to be the natural monopoly of the state while administrations and enterprises that provided communication services traditionally belonged to the public sector. The only exceptions were Spain and Italy, where mixed public-private or fully private companies offered telecommunications services (Noam 1992). However, public monopoly over the telecommunications sector started to dissolve gradually from the early 1980s on. During only one decade from 1980 to the early 1990s, the majority of telecommunication monopolies in the countries of continental Europe transformed (though not fully) into competitive markets. This process was paralleled by the transformation of bodies and enterprises formerly controlled almost exclusively by governments into private organizations (Schneider 2000). Although the transformation had multiple causalities that involved a broad range of technical, social, political and other contributing factors, the key driving force highlighted by the researchers was the drive for liberalization and privatization that became the central tendency in Europe in the late 1980s (Noame 1992). A series of decisions and directives issued by the European Commission and the Council of Ministers called for transformation of the European market in general and telecommunications sector in particular in terms of market regulations, standardization, and procurement rules. These decisions and directives have "ultimately directed toward a near-total liberalization of all kinds of telecommunications networks and services within the European Union (EU) in the year 1998" (Schneider 2000, p.61) and laid the foundation for the current strategy applied by the EU members to regulate the telecommunications sector. The EU Telecommunications Policy: Origins and Current Situation The beginning of serious structural reforms in the telecommunications sector of the European Union can be traced back to the late 1970s with the current telecommunications policy being the result of gradual evolution those days until now. These three decades can be divided into several stages characterized by specific contents, developments and implementation patterns. 1977-1986: Early Reforms The need to address the issues related to the telecommunications sector in the European Community was first highlighted in 1977, but it was not until 1980 that the European Council received a proposal clearly with clear statement of such need. However, the amount of telecom issues raised by the document was rather limited: the essence of the proposal was harmonization of the development of new services while monopoly of the state and other essential problems remained unnoticed (Alabau 2006). As a result, the action plan that ensued from the proposal was largely industrial in its nature (envisaged only opening up the handset market) and did nothing to reduce the huge influence of state monopolies in the telecommunications sector. 1987-1998: Emergence of the First Telecommunications Regulations The Single European Act of 1986 enabled the Commission to exercise more control

Drug Testing Welfare Recipients Essay Example for Free

Drug Testing Welfare Recipients Essay Welfare is the provision of a minimal level of well-being and social support for all citizens, sometimes referred to as public aid. In most developed countries, welfare is largely provided by the government and to a lesser extent charities, informal social groups, religious groups, and inter-governmental organizations. There are 12,800,000 people on welfare in the United States. 46,700,000 are on food stamps, 5,600,000 are on unemployment insurance. The total government spending on welfare is $131. 9 billion, not including food stamps or unemployment (Welfare Statistics). As of April 17, 2013 29 states have proposed legislation requiring some form of drug testing or screening for public assistance recipients in 2013. Eight states, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Utah, have already passed legislation regarding drug testing or screening for public assistance applicants or recipients. States have proposed drug testing of applicants and recipients of public welfare benefits since federal welfare reform in 1996. In 2009, over 20 states proposed legislation that would require drug testing as a condition of eligibility for public assistance programs, and in 2010 at least 12 states had similar proposals(Drug Testing and Public Assistance). Data from Utah has shown Utah spent more than $30,000 dollars from August 2012 to July 2014 to screen welfare recipients, but only twelve people tested positive. 250 people failed to meet drug screening requirements and were banned from receiving or applying for benefits for three months. Those people would have received more than $350,000 in benefits. Utah’s law does not disqualify people who test positive from benefits, but instead requires them to enter substance abuse treatment. (Utah’s Welfare Drug Testing Saved More than $350,000 in First Year, Officials Say). Robert Rector, senior research fellow in domestic policy at Heritage foundation and leading authority on the welfare system, also believes people receiving welfare should be drug tested. He says, â€Å"Taxpayers should provide support to those in need; recipients, in return, should engage in responsible and constructive behavior as a condition of receiving aid. †. Almost 20% of welfare recipients report recent use of some illicit drug. (Key Research Findings). Robert also says, â€Å"Scientific evaluation of Florida’s drug-testing requirement showed that welfare recipients who used illegal drugs had earning that were 30% lower than those who did not. Quite simply, drug use was linked to lower levels of work. † Peter Cappelli, who is the George W. Taylor Professor of Management at the Wharton School and director of Wharton’s Center for Human Resources, says that police already have the right to require drug test when there is probable cause. Peter states that people do not choose to be on welfare, unlike kids who play football at a local high school. Peter also goes on to say that the children are potentially affected by the drug testing. Kansas’s SB 149 bill says, â€Å"If an applicant for a recipient of cash assistance is ineligible for or terminated from cash assistance as a result of a positive test result for unlawful use of a controlled substance or controlled substance analog, and such applicant for or recipient of cash assistance is the parent or legal guardian of a minor child, an appropriate protective payee shall be designated to receive cash assistance on behalf of such child. †(United States Cong. ). Many who have proposed drug testing those on welfare proposed to require drug testing when reasonable suspicion exist(Drug Testing Public Assistance). The United States should test those on welfare and other benefit programs. The amount it would cost and amount of money that could be saved could help lower the nations national debt. If Utah can save $350,000, the United States as a whole could save even more.

Road Accidents as a Health Issue in Australia Essay Example for Free

Road Accidents as a Health Issue in Australia Essay Exploration and Analysis of a Health Issue Affecting Australian Population [Name of Student] [Name of Affiliate Institution] [Date] Introduction Australia, just like other countries in the world, faces various health issues that are widely spread all over the country. The country has to come up with initiatives on how to improve the current Public Health Care services to address these health issues. Accident is one of the several pertinent health issues currently affecting Australia. Particularly road traffic accidents are on the record for causing massive deaths in Australia. W.H.O ranks Australia at number 162 world wide contributing to 1.29% of total death resulting from road accidents in the country (W.H.O, 2005). This essay explores analysis and discusses the issue of road accidents and how it impacts the Australian population and the proposed initiatives to address it. Analysis of the affected population/community Road accident has claimed many lives and caused severe injuries in Australia in the recent past. World Health Organization has put road accidents at position two in the most significant cause of death for 10 to 46 year oldies. The death toll resulting from road carnage has been on the rise in the recent years (National Health Survey, 2006). The Australian Transport Safety Bureau released a report indicating 1465 deaths resulting from road accidents in Australia in 2006, 1603 in 2007 and 1464 deaths in 2008 as shown in the table. | |2006 |2007 |2008 | |No. Of Accidents |1456 |1453 |1342 | |Deaths |1601 |1603 |1464 | The graph below shows the summary of the number of accidents and deaths from 2006 to 2008. [pic] In the year 2005-2006, 18623 persons were involved in the tragic road accidents where most of them died while others escaped with minor and severe injuries. A survey conducted in the year 2006 showed that persons between the ages of 15-24 years experienced a higher rate of injury as a result of road accidents as compared to 35 years old and above (A.B.S, 2010). 1601 people were killed in 2006, (Transport Safety Bureau, 2007). This implies that over 130 people lose their lives in crashes every month. 22,500 people escaped death with serious injuries. The number of accidents in Australia has been consistent for the past 3 years and suspected to be higher than in Europe (car-accidents.com). Number of accidents per region in 2007 and 2008 (A.B.S, 2010). |NSW |Vic. |Qld |SA |WA |Tas. |NT |ACT |TOTAL | |2007 |405 |289 |338 |107 |214 |39 |47 |14 |1 453 | |2008 |376 |278 |293 |87 |189 |38 |67 |14 |1 342 | | Number of deaths caused by road accidents by regions in 2007 and 2008 (A.B.S, 2010). |NSW |Vic. |Qld |SA |WA |Tas. |NT |ACT |TOTAL | |2007 |435 |332 |360 |124 |235 |45 |58 |14 |1 603 | |2008 |397 |303 |327 |99 |209 |40 |75 |14 |1 464 | |NSW- New South Wales Vic -Victoria Qld -Queensland SA -Southern Australia WA-Western Australia Tas- Tasmania NT-Northern Territory ACT- Australian Capital territory Determinants influencing the health issue of road traffic accidents Many factors contribute to deaths from road accidents among them drunk driving, over speeding, unroadworthy vehicles and careless driving. The motorists and passengers have been on the record for violating the laid down traffic regulations. For instance, seat belts are installed in all passenger vehicles for a purpose. Many passengers are aware of this and yet they go  around ignoring their importance (Gozias, 2007). Drunk driving is another crucial factor contributing to the high rate of road accidents in Australia. To curb these incidences, the drivers must change their mindsets and the way of thinking. Many truck drivers believe that they are most armed and cautious while drunk (Worley, 2006). The health authorities concerned with PHC can address this aspect through initiating and running public education and awareness programs. Driver’s attention is extremely crucial in safe driving. Research shows that driver’s attention and concentration are affected by distraction for instance, using a mobile phone while driving. Music playing in the car stereo plays a significant part in the mental and physical attention. These incidences can be avoidable if only the drivers and the passengers are responsible enough. Passengers should not just sit calm while the vehicle is driven around carelessly or under the influence of alcohol. Collective responsibility from the passengers, drivers, traffic departments and pedestrians can go a long way in saving innocent lives (Major Causes Of Fatal Road Accidents, 2010). Studies show that most determinants of road accidents are at the individual levels, for instance, how an individual’s income influences his or her driving behavior. A population’s income status in an important issue in Primary Health Care. Different individuals respond differently to dif ferent instances, situations, laws and forms of enforcement. Different drivers have different capabilities, visual acuity, auditory acuity and different response speeds. Another factor that may contribute to road accident is the other road users other than the drivers. These include walking pedestrians, cyclists and physically challenged road users. A report based on Australian accidents data found driver errors, drunk driving, and other human factors contribute to 90% of all accidents. The authorities have are answerable in most accidents involving pedestrians. For instance, there are few separate tracks and pathways for walking pedestrians and those on wheelchairs (Major Causes Of Fatal Road Accidents, 2010). The social status, age and gender are significant social determinants for road crashes. A Danish National Travel Survey conducted in 2001 showed that driving speed decreases with the driver’s age. Youthful drivers have a passion for high speed where they deduce a lot of fun while at higher speeds. Elderly drivers have been noted to drive at relatively lower speeds (Fosgerau, 2005). Over speeding is a prime cause of road accidents in Australia. Men have been observed to drive faster than women while the unmarried drivers drive slightly slower than the married individuals. Driving too fast or slightly above the posted limit contributes to about 40% of road accidents in Australia. The chances and severity of a road crash is influenced by the driving speed (NSW Road and Traffic Authority, 2007). Fosgerau argues that an individual’s income has positive and highly statistically significant influence on the driving speed. A driver with higher income will tend to drive at higher speeds than drivers with lower incomes. Higher income decreases the value or real costs of fines and other speed related user costs while it increases the perceived value of time (Fosgerau, 2005). Implications of the health issue to the affected population The main effects and implications of road accidents are medical, legal, social and economic. Family and society dynamics are altered after the demise of a relative. If a family’s breadwinner passes away, the whole family is severely affected and may take forever to recover. The family’s income goes down lowering the living standards and quality of life. Death brings about grief, devastation and emotional problem where one cannot come to term with the departure of a loved one (Worley, 2006). Huge medical resources are utilized in caring and treating the accident casualties. These resources are used at the expense of caring for patients suffering from other illnesses. Some accident victims fail to recover fully from injuries sustained being left with a permanent disability. Injuries to the musculoskeletal system may lead to restriction of movement to the victim. A survivor’s life may be filled with persistence pain and psychological sequelae. These disabilities result into neurological deficits like hemiplegia, paraplegia or tetraplegia (Khalaf AI Moutaery, 1998). There are immense and serious economical implications of road accidents in Australia. A lot of money is spent on accident victims every year. Many victims lose their jobs due to long sick leaves (Bishai, 2006). This negatively impacts the country’s economic growth and development. First, there is the decrease in national income when a taxpayer dies and secondly, a significant amount of money is set aside to cater for accident victims. An estimate by World Bank show that injuries sustained from road accidents cost 1% to 2% of the GNP of the country (World Health Organization, 2005). There are legal implications of road accidents among them prosecution for drunk driving, man slaughter and even murder. The penalty for drunk driving may be imprisonment, loss of license and fines (Road Traffic Accidents in Australia, 2012). Conclusion In conclusion, we have seen how any why road traffic accident is a serious health issue and how it is affecting the Australian population. Road accidents and resulting deaths have been explored and analyzed in this essay. Several physical, environmental and social determinants of road accidents among them individual’s age, income, mental status among others have been discussed in this essay. There are current primary health care services that are put into place to address this issue of road traffic accidents. However, these PHC services need some advancements and improvements in order to address the issue more effectively. The next assignment will focus on the existing PHC services including their strengths and weaknesses and the various proposals and initiatives that should be taken to address this persistent issue health issue of road traffic accidents in Australia. References A.B.S. (2010, 06 04). Accidents, Injuries And Fatalities. Retrieved August 16, 2012, from abs: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[emailprotected]/Lookup/D18CA4EA930FF0D2CA25773700169CE5.htm. Bishai, D. A. (2006). National Road Casualties and Economic Development. Health Economics, 65-81. Country Health Profile-Australia. (n.d.). Retrieved 08 15, 2012, from worldlifeexpectancy.com: http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/country-health-profile/australia Duckett, S. (2011). Australian Health Care System. Oxford University Press: Australia. Fosgerau, M. (2005). Speed and Income. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, Vol. 39( No 2), 225-240. Gozias, J. M. (2007). An Analysis of Factors Affecting Road Safety: The Greek Experience. Journal of Transportation Geography, 325-316. Khalaf AI Moutaery, F. A. (1998, October). Implication Of Road Accidents. Retrieved August 17, 2012, from Pan Arab Neurosurgery : http://panarabneurosurgery.org.sa/journal/oct1998/ImplicationOfRoadAccidents.htm Major Causes Of Fatal Road Accidents. (2010, 11 12). Retrieved August 17, 2012, from Study mode: Major Causes of Fatal Road Accidents. (2010, November 12). StudyMode.com. Retrieved from http://www.studymode.com/essays/Major-Causes-Of-Fatal-Road-Accidents-474289.html McKenzie, J.F, Pinger, R.R. (2012). An introduction to Community Health. 7th ed. Jones and Barlett Publishers: Sudbury. Road Traffic Accidents in Australia. (2012). Retrieved August 16, 2012, from Australia Angloinfo: http://australia.angloinfo.com/transport/driving/Road Traffic Accidents in Australia _ Australia.htm Sasser, S., Vargheses, M., Kellermann, A., Lormand, J.D. (2005). Pre-hospital Trauma care Systems. World Health Organization: Geneva. Schneider, M.J. (2011). An introduction to public health. Jones and Barlett Publishers: Sudbury. W.H.O. (2005). World report on road traffic injury prevention. World Health Organization: Geneva. Worley, H. (2006, March). Road Traffic Accidents Increase Dramatically. Retrieved August 15, 2012, from Population Reference Bureau :

U S Custom Border Protection Are We Secure Criminology Essay

U S Custom Border Protection Are We Secure Criminology Essay U.S customs and border protection is the united states department of homeland security, which is charged for facilitation and regulation of international trades, enforcing U.S regulations and laws, including trade, customs and immigration. It is responsible for protecting the United States sovereign border at and between the official ports of entry. The agency protects the U.S from terrorist and harmful weapons. It provides assuarity of protection against human and drug trafficking and illegal immigration. This agency is protecting united states agriculture and economy from harmful pest and diseases. Its the federal enforcement agency which keeps an eye on illegal immigrations and providing security from intellectual property theft. Over 40000 soldiers ensures that border traffic moves smoothly to legitimate travel and trade while keeping undesirable people and goods out of the country. It was established in 2003. Its mission statement is: We are the guardians of our nations borders. We are Americas frontline. We safeguard the American homeland at and beyond our borders. We protect the American public against terrorists and the instruments of terror. We steadfastly enforce the laws of the United States while fostering our nations economic security through lawful international trade and travel. We serve the American public with vigilance, integrity, and professionalism. CBP.gov: CBP Mission Statement and Core Values MISSION: U.S customs and border protection has the authority to search inbound and outbound shipments, and carry out its mission in these areas. It has the power to seize all the merchandise that is stolen or smuggled. CBP plays a key role in over all anti drug effort at the border. Drug interdiction is the primary undertaking encapsulated by CBPs overall mission to secure the nations borders and prevent unlawful entry of dangerous people and goods while facilitating the legitimate flow of travel and trade. CBP combine all the law enforcement agencies under one administrative umbrella. This involved absorbing employees from the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), the Border Patrol, the Customs Service, and the Department Of Agriculture. Its primary mission is to detect and prevent the entry of terrorists, weapons of mass destruction, and unauthorized aliens into the country, and to interdict drug smugglers and other criminals. The USBP is thus vitally important to our nations defense against Terrorists and all others who are attempting to enter goods or persons into the country illegally. In the course of discharging its duties the USBP patrols over 8,000 miles of our international Borders with Mexico and Canada and the coastal waters around Florida and Puerto Rico. At official ports of entry, CBP officers are responsible for conducting immigrations, culture and agricultures inspection on entering aliens. As a result of new one face at the border initiative the CBP officers are cross-trained to perform all three types of inspections in order to stream line the border crossing process. CBP officers enforces the immigration law by examining and verifying the law documents for traveling so that to ensure that they have the legal right to enter the country. On the customs side, CBP inspectors ensure that all imports and exports Comply with U.S. laws and regulations, collect and protect U.S. revenues, and guard against the smuggling of contraband. In order to apply and execute its mission.CBP maintains and utilizes several database. CBP also administers the U.S. Visitor and Immigrant Status Indicator Technology (U.S-VISIT) program, which requires all incoming non-immigrant aliens to Submit to a biometric scan. Additionally, CBP administers the Container Security Initiative, a program in which CBP inspectors pre-screen U.S.-bound marine containers at foreign ports of loading around the world. Environmental Stewardship: Congress has given the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), a governmental permission to obtain and maintain operational control of the border. U.S custom and border protection is the part of DHS, whose solitary purpose is to protect the borders. Building and controlling strategic infrastructure is the main objective of the CBP. Strategic infrastructure lets border officers to do their job in a more effective way. CBP is required to making, controlling and maintaining strategic infrastructure in an environmentally dependable method. Environmental planning helps CBP carry out this requirement. CBP works in a mutual way with the local government, even with the civilians to recognize, understand and reduce its impact on the environment. CBP prepared Environmental Stewardship Plans (ESPs) and worked effectively with State and Federal resources agencies, affected landowners, and other stakeholders. Cultural Stewardship: CBP plays a role in protecting and enhancing culture for future generations, and takes significant conservation into account in planning and carrying out facilities and operational activities. To safeguard traditional and cultural resources and guarantee their liable and respectful treatment, CBP promotes communication and partnerships with Native groups, the private sector, and important government entities. HISTORY: The U.S customs service was initially established during 17th century by the fifth act of the first congress of the United States at 31 July 1789, which emerged from the 2nd and 3rd act of the first congress of united states, which established the system of tariffs on imported goods and tonnages of ships. There was a urgent need of money to support the federal government so the founding father and member of congress imposed tariff on imports and tonnage of ships, and created a well-regulated customs service to ensure due collections. The department of custom services was then placed under the supervision of President Washington after the creation of department of treasury on September, 11, 1789, when the President appointed Alexander Hamilton as the first treasury secretary. In 1790 congress authorizes the treasury secretary to undertake the building of 10 customs revenue cutters. Customs collectors tasked with the design, building and selection of crews and captain, and management o f U.S revenue marine. In 1791 congress authorizes the president to utilize the U.S revenue marine for the defense of the nation. Afterward treasury secretary authorized to employ the special agents for the purpose of examining the account and books of the collectors of customs. Special treasury agents were also created in the same year. In 1796 collectors of customs was tasked to aid the enforcement of quarantine and healthy laws. 1789 was the year of establishment of the marine hospital services. In 1799 the customs ensign and pennant was designed by treasury secretary Oliver Wolcott. During 18th century customs services had eradicated the huge national debt incurred during the American Revolution. In 1836 commissioner of patents worked for the agriculture. On 27 December 1837 life saving service was established by the department of treasury. Customs Revenue represented 90% of all federal funds deposited in the U.S treasury, in 1860. The bureau of internal revenue was established in 1862, in order to fund cost of the civil war a personal income tax was also established by the treasury department. In the same year president Lincoln also established the U.S department of agriculture. In 1870 U.S special agency service was established as the branch office in the office of secretary of the treasury. Revenues marine division was created in the treasury department in 1871. After the civil war, various states began passing their own immigration laws, which in 1875 led to the supreme court ruling that enforcement of immigration laws was a federal responsibility. In 1879 c ongress enables the creation of position of the fraud roll employee which is often titled as the customs agents or special agents. In 1890 custom administrative act established board of general appraisal which was renamed as United States customs court in 1926. The collection and revenue of customs service was the primary source of federal funding until the permanent establishment of the personal income tax in 1913. During the era of 1853 and 1939, the responsibility for the design and construction of federal buildings nationwide lay with the office of the supervising architect of the treasury. The authority and the responsibility for the federal architect program as removed from the treasury department after the creation of public buildings administration in the federal work agency in 1939. 16th December 1900 was the year of opening of the rebuilt immigration station .public health and marine hospital services was established in the treasury department which was renamed as public health service in 1912. On 12 June 1906 the basic naturalization act provides the uniform rule of naturalization of the aliens. This act required that the applicants should be able to speak English, in the same year bureau of naturalization and immigration was joined into a single entity which was named as the bureau of immigration and naturalization. In 1912 federal horticultural board was established.1917 to 1924 was the era of immigration control.1920 to 1933 was the prohibition era. Customs mounted inspectors was officially changed to customs patrol inspectors in may 1933.during world war ii all the port operations were maintained by the customs service ,customs immigration and naturalization service and the state department along with the U.S military and the coast guard which were assumed overall control of the port security.1952 was the year of creation of customs co-operation council. U.S border patrol canine program was initiated with purchase of surplus military sentry dogs from the U.S military. Customs computer program opened and online in 1966.air security program was initiated in1970, prompted by multiple hijacking of U.S flag air careers.1973 was the year in which bureau of customs officially renamed as the United States Customs Services. In 1987 customs automated commercial systems was fully implemented. In 1990 treasury department established financial crime enforcement network . in 1994 customs co-operation council adopts the working name world customs organization. In the attack on world trade center U.S customs house was destroyed and fortunately it does not suffer any life loss. After this incident, on 19th September the terrorism task force was established to coordinate all investigation leads and intelligence information developed by customs with regard to the terrorist attacks in the United States. U.S customs then established container security initiative(CSI) in 2002.on 1st march 2003 bureau of customs and border protection was established in the directorate for border and transportation security, department of homeland security. In the same year, congress mandates the creation of a northern border year wing. Border safety initiative was announced. 24-hour rule was established. Customs trade partnership against terrorism was launched. CBP creates AG/BIO -TERROR COUNTERMEASURES (ABTC) with the mission to prevent the entry of AG/BIO terrorist and thei r weapons. OASISS was expended in 2007. Automated commercial environment was deployed. According to western hemisphere travel initiative, travelers entering the united states by land or sea must have travel documentation. They must have one of six things us passport, U.S passport card, enhanced driver license card, trusted traveler program cards, special groups. Today, it is the second largest source of revenue supporting the federal government. ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Technology: Increased Integrated Surveillance Intelligence System (ISIS), that utilizes distantly supervised night-day camera and sensing to better identify, observe and react to illegal crossings on either the north or the south borders of the country. Organized radiation detection also included the personal radiation detectors (PRDs) to above 10,400 CBP officials. A southwest initiative that initiated, the Geographic Information System (GIS), which detects prohibited migration patterns to better organize personnel and resource to obtain better control on the border. Augmented border patrol aircraft and marine operations on the northern, southern and coastal areas to improve our aptitude to defend the waterways. Tripled the number of agents before 9/11, from 1000 to a 11, 200 at the present situation. Secure traveler programs: Implemented NEXUS, a substitute detection system that allows pre-screened, less risky travelers to be processed in an accelerated manner by CBP, through a designated commuter track at several Canadian land borders. Used the Secure Electronic Network for Travelers Rapid Inspection (SENTRI) at ports of entrance along U.S- Mexico border. Improved selectivity, screening, and targeting: The NTC is the centralized synchronization spot for all of CBPs anti-terrorism efforts. Utilizing complicated targeting methodology it investigates, display, and aims for thorough anti-terrorism examination of all passengers and cargo before entrance in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and CBP personnel are working together at the NTC to protect the U.S rations supply by viewing risky imported food deliveries. The Student and Exchange Visitor System (SEVIS) were started in August 2003, It is an Internet/Intranet based system managed by the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement that electronically confine, maintains, and detects information significant to each foreign student. Pushing Our Zone of Security Outward CSI enables the CBP to target, and with our foreign counterparts, screen containers, prior to the container being loaded on ships intended for the U.S. Organized , Immigration Security Initiative (ISI) pilot program that places teams of CBP officers at key foreign center airports working with overseas law enforcement and airline officer to detect risky passengers preceding to boarding U.S. aircraft. Extending the Border Safety Initiative (BSI), whose most important purpose is the lessening of damages and avoidance of deaths in the southwest border region and the formation of a safer border environment? One Face at the Border: Issued new DHS badges to CBP officers, CBP agriculture specialists, and CBP Border Patrol agents. The new badge is the noticeable, uniting icon of the entire CBP frontline workforce. Effectively started four different organizations from three different departments of government into CBP without any disturbance in operations. Expanded coverage of the Customs Officer Pay Reform Act (COPRA) to bring equality to inspector overtime pay. Initiated an inventive Border Patrol repositioning cost program. The new program reduces the average cost of voluntary moves for Border Patrol Agents from approximately $72,000 to $12,000 per move. Training: Enhanced anti-terrorism training for all CBP personnel. CBP has carried out an anti-terrorism training for all workers with a special focus upon training related to weapons of mass outcome. This includes identifying potential items of terrorism using non-intrusive detection technology and radiation detection equipment. Keeping our borders and our future protected and safe CBP will continue its efforts to defend our borders against terrorists and their weapons through original use of detection technology, advanced information systems, and mutual projects with the trade and foreign governments while maintaining a strong and friendly tourism and commercial trade attitude. Weaknesses and criticism An article known as DHS Decision-making: Competence or Character?, James Giermanski states that the main problem in CBP is has not just feeble but at times inconsistent management. He says that CBP undergo seriously flawed decision making, mentioning the door only policy, radio frequency identification technology, and having no focus on exports that may contain bombs. National Public Radios Morning edition stated that CBP radiation detection equipment at ports is better at inspecting kitty litter than dangerous weapons, and that U.S borders are so permeable that congressional investigators carrying stimulated nuclear have been able to go across the borders without any harm. CBP chemists and textile analysts that were working in the Office of Information and Technology (OIT) were told to write official laboratory reports without the proper training or knowledge in merchandise entering the nations borders. CBP has also been blamed of failing to defend U.S consumers from risks such as: lead in toys, poison in dog/cat food, poison in imported fish, and the false positive radiation detectors at U.S ports. At the time of a federal court case for unlawful removal, CBP and United States Department of Justice attorneys quoted the U.S. Supreme Court case of Garcetti v. Ceballos (04-473), which stated that CBP recruits do not have protection from retribution by CBP managers under the First Amendment of the Constitution. The free speech protections of the First Amendment have long been used to protect whistleblowers from retribution. CONCLUSION (HOW SECURE ARE WE?): U.S custom and border protections core values are vigilance, service to country and integrity. The employees of this agency are dedicated and protecting our borders. Many employees put their lives on the line like other individuals serving our country and their communities but they often come under fire of their actions. It has seen in the past that border patrol employees have been arrested and they may or may not have any justification for their actions. I have no problem with taking action against those who violate valid laws but there must be clear proof for the existence of such violations for which action has been taken. In my opinion it is very irresponsible to arrest border patrols without clear evident of crime because it send bad signal to others watching how they accomplish assigned tasks. It imprints the impact to the people that they are not safe because if those who are assigned to enforced laws and constitutions are breaking laws then how could they prevent us from law breakers. This can lead to safety concerns as they would be worried about how their actions are viewed after the fact. They may think twice before taking action and this can cause injury or death of these employees. Border patrol employees help to make this country safer and should be treated with respect. They and others who are helping to secure our borders should be thanked, not prosecuted. The mission and responsibilities of this department can sometimes put their employees in dangerous situations. While it is important to assure that all our laws are upheld in the performance of assigned duties and those responsibilities for enforcement must consider the circumstances. There are certain circumstances when these agencies placed their soldiers in difficult and sometimes dangerous situations that are not limited to this agency. Making decision to prosecute a federal employee should be taken with caution as prosecuting someone for doing their job send a wrong signal to others. Nev ertheless our countries border patrol employees are taking risk just to give protection to their country then how could we be not secure. They are taking certain measures to more ensure our countrys security. We are a nation of immigrants. Developing a solution to the current problem of immigration must be accomplished for this purpose. I personally feel that there must be a method to recognize those individuals that fulfill a need and provide them with a way to remain in the country. Recently president Obama meets with lawmakers to develop a strategy for passing a bill this year. He is making a renewed push for an immigration overhaul. It is reported that he plans to make the case for providing a path legal status for the estimated 11 million people who live in the U.S illegally while strengthening border enforcement. Moreover CBP has changed border crossing documents requirements. Now you have to have one of six things U.S passport, U.S passport card, enhanced driver license card, trusted traveler program cards, special groups. While those individuals who violate the laws in our country do not deserve to acquire citizenship of United States. CBP Taking safety measures against terrorism as it is at its peak these days to protect our country from terrorism.

The Inaccessible Inner Life of Wakefield Essay -- Wakefield Stories Es

The Inaccessible Inner Life of â€Å"Wakefield† â€Å"All these—all the meanness and agony without end I sitting looking out upon, See, hear, and am silent.† –Walt Whitman We are presented with a piece of gossip of a man named Wakefield who leaves his wife for twenty years to live in a house the next street over. If this story were workshopped in a present-day fiction writing class, it would be argued that this story has interesting elements but is not, as a whole, an interesting story-- that the story lies within Wakefield’s motivation for leaving or within the reaction of Wakefield’s wife upon the return of her presumed-dead husband, or that the point of view ought to be reconsidered in order to tell the full story. Much of contemporary fiction attempts to tell the story that satisfies the collective urge to know another human being entirely, to finally understand another person’s story. The story of â€Å"Wakefield,† however, admits in the Puritan vein that the story we all want to know is actually unknowable, and can only be imagined. Through examining the whims of others in fiction, the meaning that can be extracted, however universal it may seem coming from the voice of the narrator, is in the end a projection out of our own selves. â€Å"Wakefield† is not about the narrator, the curious plotline, or even about Wakefield himself. â€Å"Wakefield† is about the telling of these things. The first sentence presents the entire plot of â€Å"Wakefield,† obtained from â€Å"some old magazine or newspaper,† stating from the beginning that the story that follows is not only based on heresy but is, in fact, entirely heresy itself. Why would a reader continue reading when the ending is spoiled in the first line and the story is admittedl... ...ng in our lives, and we prove it by finding meaning in his. With his grand conclusion, the narrator warns us that if you step outside the norms of a system, you may become the Outcast of the Universe. But what is it that really makes Wakefield the Outcast of the Universe? Perhaps every man is the Outcast of the Universe when the community attempts to interpret his whims. Why write a story that cannot be told? Why read a story that cannot be told? To feel as though one can tell a story, that one can read a story and be one with a narrator, to feel united, and yet to know, on some level, that we all are Outcasts of the Universe. It is both terrifying and comforting to realize that the community, united and whole, in which we pretend to reside, is in fact a faà §ade for the community of outcasts that struggle to find meaning in one another in order to survive.

Media Violence Essay -- essays research papers fc

Machine gun fire, explosions, and screams for help are only a few of the sounds that can be heard emanating from a child’s bedroom today, while his parents listen nervously just outside his door. Horrified, these parents shake their heads ruefully, wondering at the power of entertainment available for kids nowadays. Sometimes they even argue whether it is right for their child to have access to this sort of violence: the kind found in most video games, television shows, and movies all over the world. But honestly, does it make a difference in the child’s development as a productive member of society, and if so, can a parent really do anything about it? These are the questions that researchers of the subject hope to answer conclusively In order to understand how media violence has an effect on children, different variables must first be examined. To begin with, children of various ages understand what they are watching very differently. Most of it depends on the length of their attention spans, the way they go about processing their information, the amount of mental effort that they put in, and their own life experiences. These stages are broken up into five parts. The first part is the effects on infants. Infants or children up to 18 months old can â€Å"Pay attention to an operating television set for short periods of time, but the attention demands a great effort and infants are more interested in their own activities.†1 Even when it seems that they are focusing on the television, infants will usually not be able to comprehend what is going on. They take it as a bunch of â€Å"Fragmented displays of light and sound†, which they can only recognize and put together certain pieces and characters. Although there is no evidence yet as to the effect of media violence on infants, there is still evidence that infants may imitate some behavior that they have seen on television. The toddler period begins at roughly two-and-a-half to three years old. It is at this point that they begin to pay more attention to the television when it is on. They also begin to develop a minute capability to take some meaning out of what they watch. They are also more likely to copy what they see on television. Children, who are at preschool age, three to five years old, start watching television with the intent of understanding the content. They are drawn to fast-pacing images, which tend to b... ...t of violent games will grow up to be violent. But just as every cigarette increases the chance that someday you will get lung cancer, every exposure to violence increases the chances that someday a child will behave more violently than they otherwise would.†3   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   . Bibliography 1)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wendy L. Josephson, Ph.D. (1995). Television Violence: A Review of the Effects on Children of Different Ages. Retrieved Nov.17, 2004. Media Awareness Network. http://stauffer.queensu.ca/inforef/instruct/tv1.htm 2)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dr. Michael Craig Miller, (2000). Does Violence In The Media Cause Violent Behavior? Nov.18, 2004. Harvard Mental Health Letter. http://www.health.harvard.edu/medline/Mental/M901c.html 3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Senator Orrin G. Hatch, (1999). Children, Violence, And The Media. Nov.18, 2004. Senate Judiciary Committee Media Violence Report. http://www.senate.gov/~judiciary/mediavio.htm 4)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Saul Kassin, (2004), Psychology. Retrieved Nov.19, 2004 New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. THE EFFECTS OF MEDIA VIOLENCE ON CHILDREN NOVEMBER 23, 2004

Brookshire Grocery Company :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Brookshire Grocery Company, known for its commitment to excellent customer service, was established in 1938. The company began with one store in downtown Tyler, Texas under the name Brookshire Brothers. Soon after, the company changed its name to Brookshire Grocery Company and expanded to four stores in Tyler and Longview, Texas, which included the first air-conditioned store in East Texas (brookshires.com). Over the years, the Brookshire Grocery Company chain has grown to more than 150 stores throughout Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas and, most recently, Mississippi.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The firm began to open â€Å"warehouse-style stores under the trade name Super 1 Foods and 1 ’superstore’ under the trade name Brookshire’s Supercenter† in the 1980’s offering people other ways to save money (tsha.utexas.edu). Brookshire Grocery Company is also currently operating grocery store in Plano, Texas under the name Ole Foods to try to appeal to the Hispanic population in the community. The company’s manufacturing facilities include a bakery plant, dairy plant, ice cream plant, ice plant and water plant near Tyler, Texas (Brookshire Briefs).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Brookshire’s offers a variety of specialty departments in many of its stores. Among these are bakeries, pharmacies delicatessens, floral departments, in-store film processing departments, and video rentals (tsha.utexas.edu). â€Å"In 1977, Brookshire’s established the World of Wildlife and Country Store Museum in the corporate complex† featuring activities for children (tsha.utexas.edu).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Due to recent acquisitions, employment in the company has exceeded 12,000 employees (Brookshire Briefs). Brookshire’s has placed a heavy emphasis on replacing, expanding, and modernizing stores where needed in order to meet customer demands and better serve them. The firm has recently â€Å"purchased and opened 17 former Winn-Dixie stores in North-central, Texas and four former Albertsons stores in the Jackson, Mississippi area† (Tribune Business News).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Brookshire Grocery Company also introduced a low-carbohydrate, low-sugar frozen dessert called LeCarb in 2001 proving the firm to contribute to creativity and innovation as well as providing options to health-conscious consumers. By May of 2002, the product was distributed nationwide as the first product available of its kind (Tribune Business News).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The grocery market is highly competitive. Brookshire’s has found that superior customer service is the key to success. Consumers who are familiar with the Brookshire’s personnel know that they will be greeted with a friendly smile and helpful attitude. Employee meetings and up-beat newsletters from the corporate office are excellent ways of reminding the employees of the significance of making customer satisfaction the most important part of their jobs.

Descriptive Essay. My Favorite Place for Relaxing

AMERICAN REVOLUTION The beginning at the Atlantic coast of Northern America was necessary to English possession in 1607. v When first of colonies – Virginia has been based. Its founders were merchants from the London trading company. On the courts the company transported in a colony of poor men, sold itself is temporary in debt servitude and worked in a colony under supervision of inspectors of the company. For ocean from England the puritans oppressed by government Stewart directed, the poor men who are looked for in New World of improvement of the   fate.In colonies they got in servitude to merchants and the large land owners who have received the letters from king on the grounds in America. One step at a time at the Atlantic coast from the grounds grasped at Indians 13 colonies were formed. In the south – in South Carolina and Georgia the slaveholding facilities has developed. On plantations cultivated tobacco, a sugar cane, indigo. Characteristic feature grower fa cilities was injurious use of the grounds quickly lost the fertility then plantations were transferred on other seats.This feature of a slaveholding facilities and pursuit of a profit pushed planters to continuous expansion of territory of colonies. Import of Negros – slaves in a colony has begun quickly increased. In the middle Atlantic colonies – Pennsylvania, New York and New Jersey – wheat was cultivated. The part of the ground belonged to large proprietors – to the aristocrats leased it to small farmers, paid for it the rent. Here was also independent farmers much. In seaside cities crafts, shipbuilding developed.In the North – in New England covered colonies New-   Hampshire Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island, handicraftsmen and manufactories was even more. The Major part of the population was engaged in fishing and navigation. England and its possession used a monopoly of commerce with colonies. Turns of this commerce quickly incr eased. From colonies the furs, tobacco were taken out to England, indigo, a fish, a wood and iron. Manufacture of iron was officially forbidden by the English government, but colonies did not reckon with these interdictions.To West Indies were taken out bread, a fish and other goods. Despite of distinction in social attitudes between separate colonies, their general characteristic feature there was a fast progress of initial capitalist accumulation and the bourgeois attitudes interwined with slaveholding in the south. Progress of colonies at all was not peace idyll. In a basis of territorial expansion of colonies in the West capture of the American Indian grounds, destruction and replacement of Indians in the remote areas laid. Wars with Indians differed cruelty and barbarity.Colonists seats exterminated all American Indian population, tortured and burnt captives. Merchants for nothing exchanged at Indians dear beaver skins and other furs, accustomed to drinking vodka and set Americ an Indian tribes against each other. In the favourable way of initial accumulation served slave trading. Merchants of New England conducted so-called † triangular commerce † – bought treacle in West Indies, processed it in rum and for rum, cheap fabrics and knickknacks exchanged slaves – Negros at slave-traders, engaged the armed robbery and capture of Negros at coast of Africa.Usually not less than thirds of Negros perished from illnesses during transportation through ocean, and the others were exposed to brutal operation on plantations. Sharp social contradictions developed and among the white population of colonies. The major part of white immigrants many years was in debt slavery at merchants and large agrarian proprietors, the agrarian aristocracy aspired to spread in colonies feudal attitudes, inalienability and transfer to an indivisible condition of manors by right of succession to the senior son, nobiliary titles and privileges.Large land owners ra ised the rent from the tenant, rigidly maintained small farmers, is frequent raising on revolts. In seaside cities there were many the hired working and poor handicraftsmen tested greater deprivations. City poor and tenants aspired to leave on the West and to become independent farmers. Chains of the armed immigrants – â€Å"squatters† – with families and house belongings moved west, based settlements and grasped the grounds of Indians. Management of colonies was in hands of English authorities.King appointed governors of the majority of colonies, and in three of them, private persons considered by possession, – in Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland– king only approved the governors appointed by owners. At governors there was advice appointed by them and the lower chambers which members were selected rich proprietors on the basis of a high property qualification. In English parliament of a colony had no representation. The English government cons idered itself in right to publish the laws, concerning colonies, without their agreement.An arbitrariness of governors and English agrarian aristocracy caused numerous revolts of farmers and the handicraftsmen required the political rights, expansions of self-management of colonies and restrictions of authority of governors. Economic growth of colonies wakened at the population aspiration to independence. Between colonies mutual economic relations one step at a time amplified. The generality of territory, economic life and language at remoteness from England assisted folding.Conditions of a life in colonies, despite of distinctions between the North and the South and on class contradictions, generated known features of a mental constitution at the population. Formation of the North American bourgeois nation was accelerated as a result of an aggravation of contradictions between colonies and England, led liberation war. In the 60s of the XVIII century colonial oppression of England i ncreased. Seven Years' War 1756 – 1763 GG exhausted its financial resources. Britain's public debt grew from 53 thousand to 140 thousand pounds.The king and the ministers wanted to improve their financial position through the colonies. The capture of Canada by England, Florida and the land west of Allegan facilitated the holding of new coercive measures in the 13 colonies. In 1765 the British Parliament imposed a colony of so-called stamp duty on each trade transaction documents, newspapers, and ads. Resistance of the population forced the British government to abolish stamp duty, but the policy taxing the colonies without their consent continued.Dissatisfaction with stamp duty has given strong impetus to the broad democratic movement against the British colonialists in New York and New England. In many towns and villages there were rallies, people smashed home a new tax collector. Began a boycott of British goods. In the years in colony 17773-1774 revolutionary situation. Th e masses of the people no longer willing to endure the situation. Conflicts with the British colonialists sharpened. For communication between the individual colonies were established correspondent committees.In Virginia, the leaders of this committee were supporters of the revolutionary actions of Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry, Massachusetts – Samuel Adams. The movement for the boycott of British goods was expanding. The British government cut duties on tea imported to the colonies of the East India Company, in the hope that increased sales of tea and the colonies reconciled to the payment of at least a little of the tea duty. But this led only to new countermeasures.At the end of 1773 there was an event known as the Boston Tea Party: the inhabitants of Boston, disguised as Indians, entered the ship with a cargo of tea waiting in the harbor, and threw him into the sea. In response, the British authorities have moved to new repressions and decided to July 1774 to close t he Boston port, the city had entered a state of siege. The king has deprived the inhabitants of New England, the right to engage in fishing in Newfoundland. Local government in Massachusetts was abolished. All these measures meant that the British colonialists have not been able to maintain its power over the colonies previous methods.The armed struggle began in the spring of 1775 April 19. In May, 1775 in Philadelphia, opened the Second Continental Congress. The participants were representatives of the planters and the big bourgeoisie. But under the influence of the revolutionary upsurge of the people most inclined Congress to break with England. Congress recognized his army, arose early in the war of guerrilla groups, appointed commander of a wealthy Virginia planter George Washington (1732-17. Washington participated in hostilities against the French and Indians, and gained a reputation as capable military leader.July 4, 1776 Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence. The declaration announced that the colonial oppression against â€Å"inalienable rights† to liberty, life and the pursuit of happiness, and that the rebellious colonies, united in the United States of America are â€Å"free and independent states. â€Å"The main author was Thomas Dzhefferson. Congress it has made up his draft Declaration of Independence, after making any editorial changes specifically chosen for this commission. Item, who condemned slavery was excluded. The proclamation of the Declaration raised he authority of Congress to the people and the bourgeoisie, and enabled planters to retain the leadership in North America during the Revolution. Congress sought to bring to an alliance with the rebellious colonies, France and Spain, and sent for this purpose in Europe, Benjamin Franklin. The government of Louis XVI and the Spanish court willing to take advantage of falling away from the American colonies of England, to bring England to settle old scores and bring back some lost possessions in America. Entry into the war of France and Spain dramatically worsened the situation in England at sea. 782 the British government decided to stop fighting and start peace talks. United States joined with Britain in a preliminary conspiracy to restrict colonial ambitions of its allies – France and Spain. These states would again extend their possessions in America, not in the interests of neither the U. S. nor Britain. September 3, 1783 in Versailles, signed peace treaties. United States recognized the independent state. Each of the 13 states had its own trade laws and regulations. There was no single monetary system and paid a lot of different currency.The bourgeoisie tried to overcome these obstacles to the development of the national market. In May 1787, in Philadelphia, opened the Constitutional Convention convened to revise the â€Å"Articles of Confederation† in 1781 and develop a new Constitution. The social composition of the members of the Convention clearly testified, whose interests are served his activities. Of the 55 members turned 20 planters, 23 – bankers, merchants and manufacturers, 10 lawyers. Two seats occupied by a physician and teacher, but there was no farmer, artisan or a worker.Meetings of the Convention took place in strict secrecy, disclosure of the debate is strictly forbidden. In September, the Convent finished his work. The Constitution created a Federal 1787 or the federal government, although the states retain broad autonomy and their individual constitutions. Legislative power is transmitted to the Congress, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate. The executive power constitution passed on to the president, elected by the two degree of choice, and gives him enormous powers. The President appoints ministers (secretaries) who are responsible only to him, and is the chief of the rmed forces. If the law does not receive the approval of two thirds of all members of Congr ess, the President may impose on him veto. The Constitution establishes the Supreme Court of irremovable and for life appointed judges. The Supreme Court can overturn laws if found unconstitutional, and is one of the most reactionary institutions in the U. S. , which provide solutions aimed against the interests of workpeople In comparison with the feudal monarchy bourgeois constitution in 1787 was progressive, but it was Not democratic. In the States rose a broad movement for the democratization of the constitution.With great difficulty the planters and the bourgeoisie have to ratify the Constitution by a majority of states with the condition of amending it, but in some states, the fight against its ratification lasted until 1790s. In 1789 he was elected to Congress. Became the first U. S. president George Washington. Congress was forced in 1791 to include in the constitution of 10 amendments, proclaimed freedom of speech, press, right of assembly and petition, the inviolability of their persons, houses, the introduction of trial by jury in criminal cases to the civilian population.Despite the reservations and omissions made in 1791, 10 amendments to the Constitution were very progressive and marked an important achievement of the American people. In U. S. history the amendments entered under the name â€Å"Bill of Rights. â€Å"†The Bill of Rights† did not change the essence of bourgeois slavery and the Constitution, but he made it difficult to arbitrary repression against the people and facilitate the struggle of workers for their rights.

Admission Essay to CRNA program Essay

My proneness to chase after a c beer in thoroughlyness care is greatly fascinated by its oceanic opportunities for career development and the desire to seismic disturbance another someones liveness positively. As a kid, I continuously had a burning desire to expire a foster or a medical doctor but my parents influence and their perception of the engineering profession sm entirely-arm in Nigeria lured me away. I trained and just as a Materials Engineer screen in Nigeria, where I clobbered as a research and development officer for flipper years. However, coming to the United States created the turning commove in my life. I searched for engineering jobs un triple-crownly for many months, and n genius was forthcoming condescension availability of many job turn overings in nursing and healthcare related fields. In order to confirm my readiness to stick to nursing as a career, I entered a Practical Nursing chopine at the Wilbur Wright College in Chicago.At this time, I was st under the weather driving cab to domiciliate myself, while I dropped it completely upon outset and flying LPN board examination. A couple of years after becoming a LPN, I applied to DePaul Universitys Master entry course of study to march on my education, and thereby became a full-fledged RN. My churlish persistence paid off. In one way it deterred me from getting stuck to cab driving, scorn a very good evaluate free income. On the other, it allows me to envision my proximo as a great jut out. My unsatisfied appetite for knowledge coupled with mercy and commitment to nursing shape my desire to pursue a DNP in nurse anesthesia. Clinical rotations in OR as a close observer during an open Heart Surgery at the IMMC, while a student at the DePaul University too afforded me chance to see administration anaesthetic(a) agent drugs by a CRNA.In concretizing my amour to purse a DNP in accommodate anaesthesia, nothing can be more(prenominal) absolute than witn essing the births of our three children and the joy that they progress to brought in to my life. I saw firsthand as the nurse anesthetist administered the extradural anesthesia to assuage my wifes labor pains. I am enkindle in becoming a nurse anesthetist because of the fervor that I concord for it as a profession, the potential that I posses and the life experiences that boast made me the person that I am today. These experiences have modify my resolve not only to do the utmost that I can by practicing the profession of nursing but in any case to champion in improving the auction pitch of quality nursing care and general image of nursing in general. The determine and goals presented in the develop Mission are a perfect fit for my net career goals. The entirety of my life has been a challenge and the fact that I am applying to a great school such(prenominal) as the NorthShore School of deem anaesthesia is a further proof beyond doubt that coming from the humble root t hat I was born in to, I can only be on the path to great success at this juncture.I have been engaged in nursing care of critically ill patients for 7years and I have consistently acquire outstanding evaluations these past years. With strong backgrounds in sciences, mathematics, computers coupled with good communication and interpersonal skills gained from browse experience and college involvement, I suppose I have all it takes to be successful in this profession. I have also learnt that patience, perceptiveness, honesty, trustworthiness and ability to organize as a team appendage are essential in rearing effective working relationship. I work well as a team-member as well as independently on my own initiatives, using good creative thinker and overlook personal preferences where the good of all is concerned. At the present time, I am a member of the American intimacy of Critical-Care contains (AACN) and I also participate in various continue education activities that stress to increase my knowledge and overall clinical skills.My short-term professional goals include passing successfully certification examination for heavy(a) Critical care, also know as the CCRN certification by October this year. I believe to set enough fund forth to augment my tuition for the School of Nurse Anesthesia. I also plan to catch a Medical Spanish class, in order to hone my Spanish actors line proficiency. It is also in my plan to work part time upon the start of the program in order to keep my clinical skills up-to-date. My long term goal is to successfully graduate from the NorthShore School of Nurse Anesthesia and pass the Nurse Anesthesia circuit board Examination. After passing the exam, I wish to join the American Association of Nurse anaesthetists (AANA) and other relevant professional associations for networking opportunities, mentoring and support systems. All the goals enumerated above are subtle to help crystallize my future plans. I intend to be a succ essful nurse anesthetist and a well rounded professional. There is too oft at stake to fail and to whom ofttimes is given, much is expected. I intend to be a shining example to my children and to my community.My DNP swan would focus on the effect of anesthetic agents on the intra-operative respiratory Care of corpulent and COPD patients. Besides finding this profession ceaselessly interesting and rewarding, I cherish the opportunity to make a positive rest in mypatients day-to-day lives. My experience has a nurse has taught me that helping someone break their utmost in good health transcends the patients ethnic background or what companionable class they belong to. It is amazing how hostile the sex or race of an private is when they come in to the emergency way of life with a broken arm or had been in a vehicle accident. I am thrilled at the possibilities of erudition and practicing that lay ahead of me as a professional in one of the great and most noble profession know n to man. I intend to take up the challenge and use my expertise to help as many people as possible irrespective of their age, class, race or religious belief. I look advancing to the opportunity to start the Nurse Anesthetists program at the NorthShore School of Nurse Anesthesia, and I accept the challenge, knowing fully well that it is a smash that would help in holding my future together.

Charles Dickens

Dickens is using figures of long speech to make pictures in the readers head and he is therefore helping people imagine the things he is telling about. One would say how that Dickens is using metaphors to put a picture on his short story and to make sure everyone feels how awful and terrible industrial Coketown is. â€Å"Coketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would how have been red if the smoke and white ashes had allowed it; but, as matters stood it was a little town of unnatural red and black such like the painted face of a savage.He also uses the thk same word again and same again to make his photographic negative impression of the factory clear.By 1857, Charles little Dickens had been among the most well-known guys on earth.In precisely the oral same vein, writing your own extravagant eulogy will allow you to jumpstart wired and maintain positive shift in apply your life by establishing a very clear detailed blueprint for the life you would great love to lead, w hat you last wish to do, which type of first person you aspire to be, logical and the way you would love to be remembered.In reality, Scrooge moral ought to be viewed among the amazing literary character mathematical models for private shift.

You might then wind up getting a terrific short story in the place of a mediocre or even awful novel.You choose the chinese characters and the way you free will describe them.My preferred character is Kendra because shes easy going the additional mile to be certain how her client gets the not guilty verdict.Regarding what he is currently attempting to provide in her historical novel she goes a long only way toward trying to demonstrate her views keyword with the use of speech.

The book is somewhat slow by modern standards, but its so hilarious.A book was new born from the impetus.For the choice is to how find the movie.The book is small for explanations.

M11Cde Skills-Based Assessment

t distri moreoverively of engineering & calculation division of compute mesh instruction warrantor system (M11CDE) layer credentials scholarly person heel BUSA ABANG obeah SID4560229 I present that this is my give birth discip rakehell yes/no and that I give focussing present and pull in the University sagacity regulations. key signature pic forbearance flesh give away The details to a lower place foretell what you should aim, when you should submit it and where is should be submitted to. launching interlocking and order Dead cable television profit 11 January 2013 1150pm on gentle wind leniency. fortitude coif 1. legislate into the on argument examine for the matter-of-f be establish which give be us qualified star hebdomad forward the terminus mulish dead contestation. . transfer an electronic replicate of this history and where there ar blanks or spaces to alto surviveher over dispenseing t from all(prenominal) told(pre nominal) singleing and so on , enthral embroil them in the papers. You immortaliseing should take the answers in the register, yet do non in ecstasysify the document in both oppo come place(p) way If the document has been change former(a) than to let in the requisite culture your compliance forget be baseless and void. 3. Your files should be give as SID_FIRSTNAME_SURNAME. doc. E. g. press forward of light292_FIRSTNAME_SURNAME. doc. 4. come through the compliances from ideally told your earnings cheattrivances and infix them into the cease of this document. 5.If you break constitute to assemble V local anaesthetic bea vanes, disport withal intromit a take turns manikin from some(prenominal) nonp aril of your local bea profit throwes. enthrall poster that this essentia decipherssinessinessiness be a sky that you cast off really tack Vlocal argona electronic meshworks on. 6. If you contrive commit the net employ in softw atomic issuance 18 tracer, you may hit the books submitting a feign of that as salutary nonwithstanding this is non compulsory. nix ad skilfulment for y come inhful meekness If your im disassemble is novel it entrust collect to be mark n wholenessntity gibe to raw university policy. enthral interpret you transfer your operate tumefy onward the deadline. You de differentiate be sufficient to cut and modify your realise in the lead the deadline. buc johneering happen an eye onAs with all assessed e science laborate, both the look into and sc slitted submission should be your get flex. When submitting this work you argon explicitly indicating that you tolerate take aim the rules on piracy as define in the University regulations and that all work is in detail your own, take out where explicitly indite employ the true referencing style. Feedback and stain The interoper equal to(p) work bequeath be mark by apply the questions infl uence in the online essay and piece of questions for fr fermentionly sectionalization result bet on the weightings fall in the beneath sections. Feedbacks and tag leave al unitary be volunteerd at once the online pr turnical quiz is submitted. interlocking interlock topographic anatomy Whilst the topo lumbery essays however 2 swarms on distri moreoverively local argona meshing, you should assemble quaternion phalanxs on individually(prenominal) local ara ne bothrk. internet breeding The sick(p) IP communicate wield betwixt Dundee and Glasgow is 209. 154. 17. 0 with a subnet fancy dress of 255. 255. 255. 0. The sick IP interlock spoken language surrounded by Edinburgh and Glasgow is 209. 154. 16. 0 with a subnet screen of 255. 255. 255. 0. This is clear evidencen on the interlocking topology. Dundee cultivation The local ara earnings for Dundee has been appoint an IP earnings solicit of 192. 168. 6. 0 to individually geniusness s ubnet of the supra net profit involve to be incurm 14 boniface leades. The subnet masque result be 255. 255. 255. 40. This is worked out by adoption 4 bits from the nett octad and is battle arrayn in the hedge to a lower place. tabulate 1 impost Subnet robe for Dundee 255 255 255 240 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 social function the sixth transmitning(a) subnet for the LAN.Do non map subnet energy in as the commencement uptake subject subnet. The elude below signals how the sixth practicable entanglement can be report. lucre web ID introductory emcee closingly armament transfer affect 0 192. 168. 6. 0 192. 168. 6. 1 192. 168. 6. 14 192. 168. 6. 15 /28 1 192. 168. 6. 16 192. 168. 6. 17 192. 168. 6. 30 192. 168. 6. 31 /28 2 192. 168. 6. 2 192. 168. 6. 33 192. 168. 6. 46 192. 168. 6. 47 /28 3 192. 168. 6. 48 192. 168. 6. 4 9 192. 168. 6. 62 192. 168. 6. 63 /28 4 192. 168. 6. 64 192. 168. 6. 65 192. 168. 6. 78 192. 168. 6. 79 /28 5 192. 168. 6. 80 192. 168. 6. 81 192. 168. 6. 94 192. 168. 6. 95 /28 6 192. 168. 6. 6 192. 168. 6. 97 192. 168. 6. maven hundred ten 192. 168. 6. 111 /28 7 192. 168. 6. 112 192. 168. 6. 113 192. 168. 6. 126 192. 168. 6. 127 /28 You should be able to tell apart the mannikin (or deception add together from the subnet masquerade party). If it is not at unrivalled time unmingled primed(p) off the hold out non-zero eight whatsoever from 256. Edinburgh reading The LAN for Edinburgh has been charge an IP engagement grapple of 192. 168. 5. 0 Again, apiece subnet of the higher up web accepts to gibe 14 waiter mouthes.The subnet mask forget be 255. 255. 255. 240. This is worked out by borrowing 4 bits from the final exam eight and is attestn in the pomposity board below. dining display panel 1 drill of goods and assists Subnet drape for Edinbur gh 255 255 255 240 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 drop the fourth operating(a) subnet for the LAN. Do not function subnet zero as the early available subnet. You must derive the casing for Dundee to fire the table for musical note 1 computer programmening. You should be able to grade the recipe (or put-on arrive from the subnet mask). If it is not at present spargon depart the furthermost non-zero eighter from 256. The elements of the coursework atomic number 18 1. plying and naming trackes 30 attach 2. prefatorial conformation 40 marks 3. surety ACLs 10 marks 4. bail VLANs 20 marks The prefatory understructure is that Glasgow (GLA) is regional headquarters of the keep comp both(prenominal)(prenominal). Edinburgh and Dundee are come apart offices. from each unmatchable interlocking young man (student) allow be accountable fo r an entire cyberspace. This promoter that employ both the lab equipment in EC1-13 or megabucks Tracer, you go away exercise up 3 routers, 2 switches and 8 PCs. A internet cross and particularised snatch of droves per subnet has been assign for the local LAN on each electronic communicate (Edinburgh and Dundee).From the study provided, the subnet brood, the subnet mask, the scratch and last work(a) insurees and the ship enshroud for each site LAN need to be determined. (When employ the router or software Tracer it is pass judgment that you keep a transc parentaget of your router figure at each stage, just in encase you run into problems). timbre 1 mean use the graph below, syllabus the freshman ten usable subnets of the LAN get over delegate to Edinburgh. You eat been t residueing(p) the prototypic 6 ph anees for Dundee, you are today judge to plan for the premiere 10 selles for Edinburgh. Subnet Subnet Subnet low gear horde stopping point boniface hand out point fancy dress (/x) 0 192. 168. 5. 0 28 192. 168. 5. 1 192. 168. 5. 14 192. 168. 5. 5 1 192. 168. 5. 16 28 192. 168. 5. 17 192. 168. 5. 30 192. 168. 5. 31 2 192. 168. 5. 32 28 192. 168. 5. 33 192. 168. 5. 46 192. 168. 5. 47 3 192. 168. 5. 48 28 192. 168. 5. 49 192. 168. 5. 2 192. 168. 5. 63 4 192. 168. 5. 64 28 192. 168. 5. 65 192. 168. 5. 78 192. 168. 5. 79 5 192. 168. 5. 80 28 192. 168. 5. 81 192. 168. 5. 94 192. 168. 5. 95 6 192. 168. 5. 96 28 192. 168. 5. 97 192. 68. 5. cx 192. 168. 5. 111 7 192. 168. 5. 112 28 192. 168. 5. 113 192. 168. 5. 126 192. 168. 5. 127 8 192. 168. 5. 128 28 192. 168. 5. 129 192. 168. 5. 142 192. 168. 5. 143 9 192. 168. 5. gross 28 192. 68. 5. 1 hundred forty-five 192. 168. 5. 152 192. 168. 5. 159 10 192. 168. 5. wholeness hundred sixty 28 192. 168. 5. 161 192. 168. 5. 174 192. 168. 5. adept hundred seventy-five For the sick(p) relate for confound and EDN the net usable carry on on the nets mus t be used. put and use the worst usable unbalanced take for your S0 embrasure depute to you for the two intercommunicates shown 1 Dundee209. 154. 17. 1 Edinburgh209. 154. 16. 1 For credential reasons, all of the outturn work move allow for be appoint the lower- half of the IP care fores of the assign subnet. entirely of the earnings devices and counselling stations entrust be delegate the stop number-half of the IP shell out poesy of the subnet delegate for the LAN. From this upper half scope of salutees, the Ethernet router port (the nonremittal inlet on each LAN) is to be designate the highest usable woo. light upon the required IP manage of the Ethernet exploiter port wine on your two routers. compensate of your Ethernet port wine on Dundee 192. 168. 6. 10 verbalize of your Ethernet embrasure on Edinburgh 192. 168. 5. 78 The boniface (PC) material bodys must besides be planned. use the table, s force out off the legion information. leg b edevil IP compreh pole part proceeds army localize 192. 168. 6. 97192. 168. 6. 103 (Lower half) care memorialisetain turn tail 192. 168. 6. 104192. 168. 6. 10 (Upper half) 5 marks for ranges of addresses add up addresses for a output and oversight soldiery. fruit server (1) IP speak to192. 168. 6. 97 Subnet Mask255. 255. 255. 240 negligence Gateway192. 168. 6. cx counsel array (1) IP Address192. 168. 6. 104 Subnet Mask255. 255. 255. 240 inattention Gateway192. 168. 6. one hundred ten process EDN IP Address score abrogate product server upchuck 192. 68. 5. 65192. 168. 5. 71 (Lower half) charge legion ordinate 192. 168. 5. 72192. 168. 5. 78 (Upper half) render addresses for a exertion and focusing swarm. business army (1) IP Address192. 168. 5. 65 Subnet Mask255. 255. 255. 240 neglectfulness Gateway192. 168. 5. 78 perpl takey legion (1)IP Address192. 168. 5. 72 Subnet Mask255. 255. 255. 240 indifference Gateway192. 168. 5. 78 tin t 2 staple var. follow up a basal material body to the router. This variety should include all the ruler strain items. You must supply one router condition file. This depart be either Dundee or Edinburgh. The router constellation files volition be mark as follows raw material bod Router prenomen condole with and VTY mannikin and watchwords (use lake herring, frame and berril for soothe, hush-hush and VTY rallying crys respectively) port strains DTE/DCE place holdly and clockrates set only when on DCE Routing localise and working (RIP is fine) emcee tables measure display onwards login monish of self-appointed portal elementary human body (40 marks) credentials (ACLS tag as part of amount 3) 1. ACLs wane and use to assort port in represent command 10 2. ACLs cook up precisely not use to reverse porthole or precaution 7 9 3. ACLs move but some errors or falsely stead 4 6 4. ACLs try but anomalous and not employ decentl y 1- 3 5. ACLs not act 0ACL radical (Total 10 marks) grade 3 Security in that respect are several(prenominal) warranter concerns in the profitswork. assume price of admission supremacy Lists (ACLs) to address security issues. The side by side(p) problems must be intercommunicate 1. The labor armys in both the Edinburgh and Dundee networks are waveitted HTTP entre to the 172. 16. 0. 0 network, care multitudes are haveted no entrance fee to this network. 2. The compevery has discovered an Internet blade server at 198. 145. 7. 1 that is cognise to tame viruses. exclusively legions are tabu from attain this site. The ACLs are worth(predicate) 10 marks. footprint 4 VLANsThis rate is the final 20% of the coursework mark. To deliver the goods this measurement you should hold how you talent use a VLAN to separate the drudgery and attention LANs. The finish is that neither network should be able to see the some other network traffic. there is no superer ogatory steering on this part of the skills running game as you are anticipate to identify 1. An subdue VLAN number to use for each VLAN. 2. An appropriate VLAN figure. 3. put through the VLAN and provide the switch kind file(s) to show that the VLAN has been implemented. VLAN label The VLAN section will be marked as follows VLAN tack and comprise signifier supplied 20 VLAN identified but descriptor uncompleted or ludicrous 10 15 VLAN attemporary workert 5 10 depending on aim of attempt VLAN not seek 0 VLAN (Total 20 marks) vermiform process Network device mannequins pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic tweet retrovert to get started Router change Router assemble goal drop signifier commands, one per line. decease with CNTL/Z. Router(config) Router(config)host induce EDINBURGH EDINBURGH(config)line locker 0 EDINBURGH(config-line) war cry lake herringEDINBURGH(config-line)login EDINBURGH(config-line) passing EDINBURGH(config)line vty 0 4 EDINBURGH( config-line) discussion lake herring EDINBURGH(config-line)login EDINBURGH(config-line) breathing out EDINBURGH(config) change discussion cisco EDINBURGH(config) passing game EDINBURGH %SYS-5-CONFIG_I tack together from sympathize with by comfort EDINBURGHconfigure storage get in grade commands, one per line. wind up with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGHen discussion EDINBURGHconfig t count on constellation commands, one per line. demise with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGH(config) alter privy(p) crystalise EDINBURGH(config) button EDINBURGH SYS-5-CONFIG_I piece from encourage by locker pic pic EDINBURGHconfigure terminal put on physique commands, one per line. pole with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGH(config) porthole serial2/0 EDINBURGH(config-if)ip address 209. 154. 16. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 EDINBURGH(config-if)no end %LINK-5-CHANGED user port wine Serial2/0, changed secern to up EDINBURGH(config-if) live %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN limit communications protocol on port Serial2/0, changed distinguish to up EDINBURGH(config) larboard fastethernet0/0 EDINBURGH(config-if)ip address 192. 168. 5. 78 255. 255. 255. 240 EDINBURGH(config-if)no ending LINK-5-CHANGED porthole FastEthernet0/0, changed demesne to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN bank line protocol on porthole FastEthernet0/0, changed deposit to up EDINBURGH(config-if) kick the bucket EDINBURGH(config)router rip EDINBURGH(config-router)network 172. 16. 0. 0 EDINBURGH(config-router)network 192. 168. 6. 0 EDINBURGH(config-router)network 192. 168. 5. 0 EDINBURGH(config-router)network 209. 154. 16. 0 EDINBURGH(config-router)network 209. 154. 17. 0 EDINBURGH(config-router) publication EDINBURGH(config) waft motd chide of unlicenced entre EDINBURGH(config) standard login do not enter if you are not let EDINBURGH(config)ip host nettle 209. 54. 17. 1 192. 168. 6. one hundred ten EDINBURGH(config)ip host GLA 172. 16. 1. 254 209. 154. 16. 2 209. 154. 17. 2 EDINBURGH(config) run low EDINBURGH %SYS-5-CONFIG_I assemble from cab inet table by locker table EDINBURGH imitation running-config startup-config end file remark startup-config? make descriptor OK EDINBURGH EDINBURGHshow host carelessness asseverate is not set make out/address lookup uses playing area usefulness call servers are 255. 255. 255. 255 Codes UN unknown, EX expired, OK OK, revalidate temp temporary, perm constant NA not relevant none non definedHost mien Flags grow event Address(es) lambast none (perm, OK) 0 IP 192. 168. 6. cx 209. 154. 17. 1 GLA no(prenominal) (perm, OK) 0 IP 172. 16. 1. 254 209. 154. 16. 2 209. 154. 17. 2 EDINBURGH pic pic pic EDINBURGHshow r edifice strain flowing frame 1291 bytes indication 12. 2 no attend to timestamps log datetime msec no service timestamps rectify datetime msec o service tidings-encryption hostname EDINBURGH enable orphic 5 $1$mERr$9cTjUIEqNGurQiFU. ZeCi1 enable countersign cisco ip host fox 192. 168. 6. one hundred ten 209. 154. 17. 1 ip hos t GLA 172. 16. 1. 254 209. 154. 16. 2 209. 154. 17. 2 larboard FastEthernet0/0 ip address 192. 168. 5. 78 255. 255. 255. 240 ip entree-group cytosine in convert railway car move simple machine port wine FastEthernet1/0 no ip address duplex machine speed railroad car stop user porthole Serial2/0 ip address 209. 154. 16. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 ip irritate-group 10 out port wine Serial3/0 no ip address mop up user interface FastEthernet4/0 o ip address closure interface FastEthernet5/0 no ip address cloture router rip network 172. 16. 0. 0 network 192. 168. 5. 0 network 192. 168. 6. 0 network 209. 154. 16. 0 network 209. 154. 17. 0 ip democratic introduction- incline one C revoke transmission control protocol 192. 168. 5. 72 0. 0. 0. 7 172. 16. 0. 0 0. 0. 255. 255 eq vane glide path- advert century have ip both each advance-list 10 reserve whatever feeler-list 10 disown host 198. 145. 7. 1 no cdp run measure login Cdo not enter if you are not authorizedC banner motd Cwarn of unauthorised ingressC line con 0 countersignature cisco login line vty 0 4 password cisco login endEDINBURGH EDINBURGHshow attack-lists build EDINBURGH(config) approaching-list one hundred disclaim transmission control protocol 192. 168. 5. 72 0. 0. 0. 7 172. 16. 0. 0 0. 0. 255. 255 eq 80 EDINBURGH(config) rise to power-list coke put up ip some(prenominal) any EDINBURGH(config)interface fastethernet0/0 EDINBURGH(config-if)ip access-group carbon in EDINBURGH(config-if) guide EDINBURGH(config)access-list 10 tolerate any EDINBURGH(config)access-list 10 span host 198. 145. 7. 1 EDINBURGH(config)interface serial2/0 EDINBURGH(config-if)ip access-group 10 out EDINBURGH(config-if) overstep EDINBURGH(config) blend EDINBURGH %SYS-5-CONFIG_I tack together from soothe by solaceEDINBURGH re drudgery running-config startup-config endpoint filename startup-config? grammatical construction form OK EDINBURGH pic EDINBURGHshow access-l ists broad IP access list 100 retract transmission control protocol 192. 168. 5. 72 0. 0. 0. 7 172. 16. 0. 0 0. 0. 255. 255 eq network lease ip any any modular IP access list 10 permit any recant host 198. 145. 7. 1 EDINBURGH pic EDINBURGHSWITCH contour transferen Switchconfig t memorialize compliance commands, one per line. balance with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)hostname EDINBURGHSWITCH EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)line locker 0 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line)password ciscoEDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line)login EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line) acquittance EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)line vty 0 4 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line)password cisco EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line)login EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line) go by EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)enable password cisco EDINBURGHSWITCH(config) effect EDINBURGHSWITCH %SYS-5-CONFIG_I tack from condole with by storage locker EDINBURGHSWITCHconfig t gain human body commands, one per line. last with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)enable unknown twelvemonth EDINBURG HSWITCH(config) slip by EDINBURGHSWITCH %SYS-5-CONFIG_I set up from locker by ease EDINBURGHSWITCH EDINBURGHSWITCHconfig t venture sort commands, one per line. finish up with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)interface vlan1 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)ip address 192. 168. 5. 77 255. 255. 255. 240 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED interface Vlan1, changed sound out to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN drag protocol on interface Vlan1, changed state to up EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)ip default-gateway 192. 168. 5. 78 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)exit EDINBURGHSWITCH %SYS-5-CONFIG_I tack from soothe table by solace EDINBURGHSWITCH double running-config startup-config terminal figure filename startup-config? make configuration OKEDINBURGHSWITCH EDINBURGHSWITCHvlan database % specimen It is recommended to configure VLAN from config elan, as VLAN database way is universe deprecated. delight touch user keep for configuring VTP/VLAN in config manner. EDINBURGHSWITCH(vl an)vlan 10 name issue VLAN 10 circumscribed figure of speech output signal EDINBURGHSWITCH(vlan)vlan 20 name prudence VLAN 20 added nurture instruction EDINBURGHSWITCH(vlan)exit consent completed. EDINBURGHSWITCHconfig t introduce configuration commands, one per line. sack with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)interface fastethernet0/2 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)switchport modality accessEDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)switchport access vlan 10 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)end EDINBURGHSWITCH %SYS-5-CONFIG_I piece from console by console EDINBURGHSWITCHconfig t participate configuration commands, one per line. curiosity with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)interface fastethernet0/3 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)switchport vogue access EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)switchport access vlan 10 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)end EDINBURGHSWITCH %SYS-5-CONFIG_I set up from console by console EDINBURGHSWITCHconfig t assent configuration commands, one per line. stop with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGHSWITCH(con fig)interface fastethernet 0/4EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)switchport mode access EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)switchport access vlan 20 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)end EDINBURGHSWITCH %SYS-5-CONFIG_I put together from console by console EDINBURGHSWITCHconfig t Enter configuration commands, one per line. repeal with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)interface fastethernet0/5 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)switchport mode access EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)switchport access vlan 20 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)end EDINBURGHSWITCH %SYS-5-CONFIG_I configure from console by console EDINBURGHSWITCHshow vlan VLAN clear precondition Ports - 1 default vigorous Fa0/1, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8 Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12 Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16 Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20 Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24 Gig1/1, Gig1/2 10 production nimble Fa0/2, Fa0/3 20 perplexity active Fa0/4, Fa0/5 1002 fddi-default act/unsup 1003 token-ring-default act/unsup 1004 fddinet-default act/unsup 1005 trnet-default a ct/unsupVLAN typeface verbalise MTU refer RingNo BridgeNo s.t.p. BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2 - - - 1 enet 100001 1500 0 0 10 enet 100010 1500 0 0 20 enet 100020 1500 0 0 1002 fddi 101002 1500 0 0 1003 tr 101003 1500 0 0 1004 fdnet 101004 1500 ieee 0 0 1005 trnet 101005 1500 ibm 0 0 remote duo VLANs master(a) second-string character Ports - EDINBURGHSWITCH pic pic pic